To Build A Fire And The Open Boat Analysis - 963 Words

Individualistic Naturalism in â€Å"To Build a Fire† and â€Å"The Open Boat† It is no surprise that the country descended from immigrants values the potential of the individual to build their place in the world. American individualism is at the root of the American dream, American capitalism, and American literature. This is perhaps less obvious in works based on the principles of science and not character or society. Naturalism’s relationship with individualism is embedded in its existence as the story of man versus nature, human determination to survive, and authors’ transcendent portraits of being. In â€Å"To Build a Fire†, Jack London creates an American character whose belief in his ability to complete a journey alone results in his death. This†¦show more content†¦Even as London draws a pessimistic conclusion where the unyielding powers of natural laws overcome the individual, he undercuts determinism with the upshot of the man’s dog and friends surviving past the end of the story. With the last lines, London narrates an image of â€Å"stars that leaped and danced and shone brightly in the cold sky† (639). He describes an indifferent and cruelly beautiful universe of hard science but then incorporates a promise of the continued existence of human life, of â€Å"food providers and fire providers† (639) who were smart enough to protect themselves from the extreme cold. The strong narrative of naturalism and pessimistic determinism in â€Å"To Build a Fire† does not exclude the presence of hope and beauty. This short story about a ma n dying alone in the incredibly cold tundra suggests that though an individual man’s place in the universe is worthless, humanity will transcend and persist. Stephen Crane also draws on hope and transcendentalism to describe the strength of man in his battle to survive against nature. There are four men in â€Å"The Open Boat,† yet when the correspondent rows alone at night he doesn’t feel the â€Å"subtle brotherhood of men† (587), but that â€Å"he was the one man afloat on all the oceans† (594). Crane’s adherence to naturalism shows in the correspondent’s desire to communicate with a personification of nature, the great antagonist. In response—like London’s dancing stars—the â€Å"high cold star on a winter’s night† (595) respondsShow MoreRelatedEssay on Comparing the Two Versions of To Build a Fire1096 Words   |  5 Pages Comparing the Two Versions of To Build a Fire nbsp; I am absolutely confident that beyond the motif itself, there is no similarity of treatment whatever (544). Jack London, writing in December 1908, was responding to an inquiry from the Richard W. Gilder, editor of Century Magazine. 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