Symbol for Advertising - 1383 Words

Symbol for Advertising In communicating, advertisers have a thought to share with their audiences. The exact thought or message can only be shared if oneness of thought is achieved. The difficulty is that thought cannot simply be picked up and placed in another person s head. Thus, a communicator must select some symbols or sign that both sender and receiver can understand the same thing. Businesses, groups and individuals use trademarks, logos and symbols to generate brand awareness in public forums. It will easier for people to recognize a product, business or individual by simply associating them with their trademark. Sign, symbols, and Logos are a graphic mark or emblem commonly used by commercial enterprises, organizations and†¦show more content†¦Chandler writes, Texts are full of indeterminacies which require the reader s active interpretation. We must draw not only on our knowledge of language, but on our knowledge of the world. Thus, readers of advertisements bring with them a surface knowledge of the language as well as a set of preconceived ideas about how to relate the ad to them. Advertising work on a variety of different levels including, but not limited to sign typology, paradigmatic meaning, psychological appeals, emotion, roles, values/beliefs, and knowledge. The impact of an advertisement comes from the interplay between these various aspects of make-up and the reader s own notions about them and the world. For example, the stamen â€Å"Test Your Faith in Nike advertisement, the readers find themselves thrust into the schema of religious worship. Not only must the viewer literally look up to the runner, but also they receive the imperative to Test your faith. The runner pictured appears in the midst of a run and rests easy in the knowledge of his own god-like attention to fitness. Likewise, the runner has no identity beyond his role in the ad. We cannot see his face but it giving him an added element of the unknown divine. People feel cowed looking from a subordinate position at the figure of the runner in his element. The text implies a direct connection between exercising and religiousShow MoreRelatedEffects Of Advertising Essay1249 Words   |  5 Pagesin a world where we contribute to the prominence of advertising; however, the effects upon us are unknown. Advertising can be seen in the majority of the world, it has gotten to the point in which people become almost completely oblivious to them. People see advertisement in stores, in billboards, television, and even their homes. It has come to the point where people believe they are not affected by these ads but that is not the case. Advertising has various effects on the world such a s educatingRead MoreThe Effects, Real Life Implications, And Ethics Of Emotional Branding1552 Words   |  7 Pagesimages used within advertising efforts, to the point where the product and brand become emblematic of the ideological value. For example, Harris Farm Markets demonstrates environmental values, or Disney World being emblematic of family values. Emotional branding can create a sense of stability and continuity for consumers through the extensive use of themes and symbols within their advertisements. Themes are representative of the concept of an advertisement, and the use of symbols is demonstrativeRead MoreAnalysis Of An Advertisement On Advertising1073 Words   |  5 Pagesads. Because there are too many ads and they may make people feel bored and unhappy. Some ads can be confusing and misleading; some unsuccessful ads will lead audiences to buy something they don t like at all. However, good advertising leads to success while bad advertising can mean failure. The commercial advertise of Pepsi starts with a white boy knocking at the door of a monetary in Shaolin Temple in China. An old monk opened the door, and welcomed a white boy in a monetary. The old BuddhistRead More Advertisers Sell Images Not Products Essay1207 Words   |  5 Pages The definition of advertising is outdated. It was previously, to endorse a product and praise goodness to induce the public to buy. They are now brainwashing consumers to buy their products using images to sell the product. The advertiser’s aim is to make the product look as good as it can through an attractive image. There are statistics, which I obtained from a Dolly Magazine, 16th May 2000, which proves that one out of four people in Australia buy a product because of the image shown in the advertismentRead MoreThe Power Of Advertising Advertisements1414 Words   |  6 PagesThe Power of Advertising Advertisements, in the 21st century, are an ever-present medium of influence in our day-to-day lives. This notoriously ubiquitous form of publicity has become so intricately woven into our cultural and societal presence that we have learned to absorb the messages put forth by advertisements, often without any question as to their credibility. We are constantly being exposed to manipulated images of reality within advertisements, which glorify popular ideologies and buildRead MoreEssay on Chicken of the Seas917 Words   |  4 PagesEvaluation – Consumers will have in mind an evoke set of brands that they intend to purchase after engaging the above information search. Certain brands of canned tuna will also form part of the consideration set if there is substantial reminder advertising. Due to a perceived lack of product differentiation in general, the most common form of evaluation criteria are price and promotion where brands may be evaluated favorably on the basis of the be st promotion and/or lowest price. Consumers who areRead MoreDo You Ever Watch The Super Bowl For Its Commercials?783 Words   |  4 Pagesits advertisement? If the answer is yes, then you might have been a victim of today’s marketers. Jean Kilbourne, the author of â€Å"Killing us Softly† stated in one of her lectures, â€Å"The influence of advertising is quick, cumulative and for the most part, subconscious, ads sell more products.† â€Å"Advertising has become much more widespread, powerful, and sophisticated.† According to Jean Kilbourne, â€Å"babies at six months can recognize corporate logos, and that is the age at which marketers are now startingRead MoreEco-Label1336 Words   |  6 Pagesto determine the impact of consumer behavior through the eco-label products of marketing. Methodology – This paper reviews consumer behavior and advertising to identify how consumers are persuaded to greener product label. The information are collected through journal reading, and searching from website. Keywords – Consumer behavior, green advertising, environmental Paper type – Conceptual paper Introduction Eco-labeling schemes provide consumers with information about the environmental qualityRead MoreEssay on Advertisings Subliminal Message985 Words   |  4 Pagesreasoning is used a lot in today’s advertising to influence people in society’s thinking, social atmospheres, and outlooks. The vessels used to reach these unknowing test subjects are viewers are promoted through media networks, or popular culture icons. Advertisements! By marketing the same advertisements encountered daily by people. A day to day interactions the viewer become the source through which fallacious reasoning can advertise its message. In advertising the reasoning’s message can justRead MoreAdvertising Is A Multi Billion Dollar Industry1631 Words   |  7 PagesThey often use manipulating schemes, get into people psychotically in order to sell their products. Advertising is a multi-billion dollar industry and the advertising’s study was created so that they can attract the audience ’s attention. There is always an image or a symbol on an advertisement that is able to attract consumers’ attention and shift their interest to appeals and desires. An advertising is able to travel beyond its expectations through the audience’s mind by using a simple piece of paper

To Build A Fire And The Open Boat Analysis - 963 Words

Individualistic Naturalism in â€Å"To Build a Fire† and â€Å"The Open Boat† It is no surprise that the country descended from immigrants values the potential of the individual to build their place in the world. American individualism is at the root of the American dream, American capitalism, and American literature. This is perhaps less obvious in works based on the principles of science and not character or society. Naturalism’s relationship with individualism is embedded in its existence as the story of man versus nature, human determination to survive, and authors’ transcendent portraits of being. In â€Å"To Build a Fire†, Jack London creates an American character whose belief in his ability to complete a journey alone results in his death. This†¦show more content†¦Even as London draws a pessimistic conclusion where the unyielding powers of natural laws overcome the individual, he undercuts determinism with the upshot of the man’s dog and friends surviving past the end of the story. With the last lines, London narrates an image of â€Å"stars that leaped and danced and shone brightly in the cold sky† (639). He describes an indifferent and cruelly beautiful universe of hard science but then incorporates a promise of the continued existence of human life, of â€Å"food providers and fire providers† (639) who were smart enough to protect themselves from the extreme cold. The strong narrative of naturalism and pessimistic determinism in â€Å"To Build a Fire† does not exclude the presence of hope and beauty. This short story about a ma n dying alone in the incredibly cold tundra suggests that though an individual man’s place in the universe is worthless, humanity will transcend and persist. Stephen Crane also draws on hope and transcendentalism to describe the strength of man in his battle to survive against nature. There are four men in â€Å"The Open Boat,† yet when the correspondent rows alone at night he doesn’t feel the â€Å"subtle brotherhood of men† (587), but that â€Å"he was the one man afloat on all the oceans† (594). Crane’s adherence to naturalism shows in the correspondent’s desire to communicate with a personification of nature, the great antagonist. In response—like London’s dancing stars—the â€Å"high cold star on a winter’s night† (595) respondsShow MoreRelatedEssay on Comparing the Two Versions of To Build a Fire1096 Words   |  5 Pages Comparing the Two Versions of To Build a Fire nbsp; I am absolutely confident that beyond the motif itself, there is no similarity of treatment whatever (544). Jack London, writing in December 1908, was responding to an inquiry from the Richard W. Gilder, editor of Century Magazine. Gilder, having just published To Build a Fire in his magazine, was worried when he came across another version published 6 years earlier. Londons explanation was that the first story was for boys and theRead MoreLiterary Analysis of A White Heron2159 Words   |  9 PagesLiterature Analysis Part 1 Throughout the history Fiction has been used by many writers to emphasize on environment and the importance it has in our lives. A White Heron, is a great example of how an article can effectively grip the attention of the reader and delivering a vital message at the same time. On the other hand fact based articles are based on truth, research and years of hard work but unfortunately most of the time they fail to capture the common reader proving interesting to onlyRead MoreSilver Ships Case Study Essay6823 Words   |  28 Pagesindustry and company analysis for Mr. Mike McCarty, owner of Silver Ships. Your report should also provide specific recommendations with brilliant justifications based on your industry and competitive analysis. Rev. Confirming Pages g Silver Ships’ Strategy in the Military and Workboat Industry CASE 14 David L. Turnipseed University of South Alabama s Mike McCarty walked through the Silver Ships shipyard monitoring the production of several aluminum hull boats in various stages ofRead MoreOperation Plan for Boutique Hotel4795 Words   |  20 Pageshotel will offer a total of 80 guest rooms, of which 40 for standard room, ten for sunset suit, ten for infinity suit, and twenty for Ocean view suit. Located in front of ocean and near to the famous universal studio and Sentosa golf club, MUX aim to build a private place, provide luxury service and superior experience for customers who want to enjoy a peaceful and relaxing holidays. Close near to the ocean, MUX make sure that customers can enjoy the beaches, bars and restaurants with magnificent seaRead MoreAmerica an Apostle for Justice and a Combatant of Terrorism1391 Words   |  6 Pagesfor their allies in Europe which in the end would lead America into entering this war. 1915 a year that â€Å"changed American public opinion towards the war† Jennifer Rosenberg, American modern journalist, stated . A British liner was sunk by a german U-boat without probable cause. This was a major deal in America since there were 159 american passengers. The second â€Å"game-changer† would be the famous Zimmermann telegram, a lone German officer contacted Mexico with a promise of land for their support inRead MoreBSBRSK501B Manage Risk Essay4580 Words   |  19 Pagesï » ¿BSBRSK501B Manage Risk Formative Assessments Activity 5 (1). SWOT Analysis Strength 1.Australian chain of upscale mid to high range departmental store 2.Myer has stores in all Australian states and the Australian Capital Territory 3.Variety of brands in affordable price gives consumer a lot of choices 4. Strong brand presence and reputation in Australia 5. Customer-focused service Weakness 1. Undeveloped distribution channel which serves only in some locations in Australia 2.Retail area pricesRead MorePiper Alpha Case Study3230 Words   |  13 PagesAbstract: The accident that happened aboard the offshore platform Piper Alpha in This summer 1988 wiped out 167 people and price vast amounts of dollars in damage to property. It had been triggered with a massive fire that was not caused by an unpredictable â€Å"act of God† but of an amount of errors and questionable choices. Many of them were rooted within the organization, its structure, methods, and culture. These business factors are generalizable with other industries and engineering systems.Read MoreCompany Analysis : 3m Company1837 Words   |  8 Pageshas a great reputation in Mining and Manufacturing Company business, 3M headquarters are in the St. Paul suburb of Maplewood, Minnesota. Types of Business: We have more than 55 thousands products, including â€Å"adhesives, abrasives, laminates, passive fire protection, dental and orthodontic products, electronic materials, medical products, car-care products, electronic circuits, and optical films† --- 3M has operations in more than 65 countries including 29 international companies with manufacturingRead MoreThe X Files Is An American Science Fiction Horror Drama Television Series Created By Chris Carter2222 Words   |  9 Pageswatched by millions today is Toy Story. It is a movie that follows the life of a toy and his friends through a rough time when his boy gets a new toy for his birthday. The final great movie that was created in the nineties is the Titanic which is about a boat that hit an iceberg and ends up sinking somewhere in the ocean. The Shawshank Redemption is a 1994 American drama film written and directed by Frank Darabont, and starring Tim Robbins and Morgan Freeman. Adapted from the Stephen King novel Rita HayworthRead MoreChoosing The Right Real Estate Agent Relationship2181 Words   |  9 Pagesnotable is at open houses or model home showings. As long as the sales associate does not ask for confidential information, take any contractual offers or enter into negotiations concerning the purchase of the property, then no representation relationship needs to be established. Besides the type of representation contract, there is one more contract real estate brokers will present sellers and buyers with. Concerning sellers, there are four types of listing contracts to choose from: open listing; exclusive-agency

Economic Cost free essay sample

Assignment Q1-2 Explain how the valuation model given in Equation 1. 2 could be used to describe the integrated nature of managerial decision making across the functional areas of business. This equation can be used to examine how the expected value maximization model relates to firm’s various functional departments. The marketing department often has primary responsibility for promotion and sales (TR); the production department has primary responsibility for development costs (TC); and the finance department has primary responsibility for acquiring capital and, hence, for the discount factor (i) in the denominator. These functional areas have lots of important overlaps. The marketing department can help reduce costs for a given level of output by influencing customer order size and timing. The production department can stimulate sales by improve quality. Other departments, such as accounting, HR, transportation and engineering, can provide information and services vital to sales growth and cost control. All the activities can affect the risk of firms and the discount rate used to determine present values. We will write a custom essay sample on Economic Cost or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Thus, all managerial decisions should be analyzed in terms of their effects on value, as expressed in this equation. Q1-3 Describe the effects of each of the following managerial decisions or economic influences on the value of the firm: A. The firm is required to install new equipment to reduce air pollution. New equipment installed will increase the operating cost. And the sales may increase if the customers have positive attitude to firm’s environmental friendly policy. B. Through heavy expenditures on advertising, the firms marketing department increases sales substantially. Heavy expenditure on advertising will increase revenues, cost and the demands of customers, which may influence the discount rate. C. The production department purchases new equipment that lowers manufacturing costs. New equipment that lowers manufacturing costs will reduce the total cost. And the lower price may increase the sales because of the increase of demands. D. The firm raises prices. Quantity demanded in the short run is unaffected, but in the longer run, unit sales are expected to decline. Higher price will decrease the demands of customers and will influence the revenue. E. The Federal Reserve System takes actions that lower interest rates dramatically. Lower interest rate will reduce the cost and discount rate. F. An expected increase in inflation causes generally higher interest rates, and, hence, the discount rate increases. Higher rate of inflation increases the discount rate and decrease the present value of a constant income stream. Q1-6 Which concept the business profit concept or the economic profit concept provides the more appropriate basis for evaluating business operations? Why? The economic profit concept provides the most appropriate basis for evaluating business operations, because it considers implicit costs of capital into profit formula and is more comprehensive. Even sometime business profit is positive, economic profit could be negative, because economic profit concept takes all additional factors into consideration.

The Sufferings Of A Rational Being Essays - Sren Kierkegaard

The Sufferings of a Rational Being in the mind of Soren Kierkegaard I. Prologue. In what would be characteristically seen as intrinsically manifested throughout the areas of existentialism, this idea of suffering, its components, as well as its distinctiveness on the part of the feebleness of human life becomes a common and usual conception for Kierkegaard, so as not to be considered. The philosopher who has sparked the notion of existentialism, as he had subjugated into the depths of human emotion and pain while attuning to the experience of the obstinate human existence, Kierkegaard would be a philosopher that has indeed rightly come to the connection of what underlies beneath the core of human frailty and suffering. By this so, I have come to regard the notion with what a suffering being in the facticity of existing could portray, and that amidst all the concepts of understanding which would cause this, man would still participate of the misery and despair that are quite partly inept of what his being is. This is quite a vague notion to underlie but understand ing Kierkegaard and his description of angst as a conception that man is indeed trapped into the misery of life; the understanding of the cause of his being would illuminate the ideas presented. In which case, Kierkegaard meaningly construes the agony of despair with the being that man is, which he himself views as being locked into the pressures of his vindictive existence. II. despair, as the sickness unto death. The notion of despair becomes unseemingly the principal lot to which Kierkegaard expresses his outlook on the desolate existence of man. This concept, which manifestly recognizes Kierkegaard as an existentialist, proceeds from a basic understanding that despair is an attribute that is inherent in man, a concept which introduces him to be a predestined being. Literally, the phrase ? Despair is the sickness unto death ? connotes an illness of which outcome would be death, as death is doubtless the last phase in a sickness and yet for Kierkegaard it would not appear to be the last thing' . As, he connotes in the strictest sense, the last things being death itself, but death only the last thing, which makes despair precisely the final thing for man. Hence, despair becomes the sickness unto death. Kierkegaard notes this in bodily sickness, but far from being true, death only succumbs to the end of the body, meaning to say to die from a bodily death. On the contrary, despair is a sickness wherein there is no bodily death but eternal death, since the torment of despair is not being able to die. As such, the sickness unto death becomes an expression of not dying. It is like a terminal sickness where the only hope to get rid of it is to die, and while in despair, gets rid of the only cure, of not being able to die, hence suffering eternal bodily torment. There is no hope of cure, the hopelessness of not being to derived the pleasure of dying is like death being dead itself. The danger of which says Kierkegaard, despair clings to you even more terrible than that of bodily death. For Kierkegaard, dying means that it is all over, but dying the death means to live to experience death; and if for a single instant this experience is possible, it is tantamount to experiencing it forever. Despair becomes an eternal sickness that the self loses its capability of dying in the same sense that the body dies of sickness. An impossibility, wherein what happens is that the dying of despair transforms itself constantly into living thing. It is precisely self-consuming, that you cannot do anything else but to despair itself go deeper and deeper into impotent self-consumation. The fact that despairing cannot consume the body is the reason why the self-gnawing pain is eternal since the comfort of ridding oneself of despair cannot be attained. In contrast, a despairing man can only despair about himself. He hopes to achieve the end of his despair but is powerless to do so since his own anxiety over the despair that consumes him. And the fact that he cannot get rid of the self which causes this despair makes him a hapless being.

Railway Signalling Using Wireless Sensor Networks

Railway Signalling Using Wireless Sensor Networks Free Online Research Papers Railway Signalling is safety critical domain, where still traditional technology is in use. There are many reasons for using traditional technology; one of the main reasons being the proven Safety performance of the older systems (Relay Based). As the rail traffic is increasing and with higher speed of trains there is an acute need for modernization of Railway Signalling Technology. Even with the advent of Microprocessor based technology, the problems have not been solved. This article proposes the use of Wireless sensor networks in Railway Signaling domain which combines the Ground base signalling and the On–Board Signalling, which is suitable for high Speed Railway Traffic. The article gives brief idea of the architectures of a Sensor Node, Driver node, Gateway Node and Base Station. It discusses the network Architectures and the Routing algorithms to be used in the sensor networks. It also discusses the design of Control laws (Interlocking Logic) for safe movement of trains and also the failsafe techniques to be used in the design of such Technology. It also describes the challenges in using the Concept of Wireless Sensor Networks in Railway Signalling Domain. Research Papers on Railway Signalling Using Wireless Sensor NetworksBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfOpen Architechture a white paperPETSTEL analysis of IndiaThe Project Managment Office SystemEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenComparison: Letter from Birmingham and CritoGenetic EngineeringIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalRiordan Manufacturing Production PlanAssess the importance of Nationalism 1815-1850 Europe

Pans Labyrinth Essays

Pans Labyrinth Essays Pans Labyrinth Essay Pans Labyrinth Essay Pans Labyrinth The director Guillero Del Torro uses many motifs and parallels in his film Pans Labyrinth. The most obvious parallel in the film is the parallel between the real world and the fantasy world of the character Ofelia. Both worlds are filled with danger. At any second in both of these worlds your life could be lost. Del Torro separates the real world from the fantasy world with many visual motifs. One of the visual motifs is the extreme differences in the color of the worlds. In the real world the director uses blues and green and other dark hues. The dark colors help to represent the dark realities that are taking place out side in the real world. The fantasy world is full of warmer colors such as red and gold. These warm colors help to give off a fairy tale type world and really help the audience to differentiate the two worlds. A example of the dark colors used in the real world is during the dinner of Captain Vidal. At the dinner there are many people from the community present each one is dressed in dark clothing. The dinning room is very dim and there is not very much light on the table. The dinning room of the fantasy character pale face is a example of warm colors being used in the fantasy world. In the hall of pale face there is a lot light which lights up the room. The table is very lit up and the food on it can easily be seen. Mercedes the servant and the faun from the fantasy world is also a parallel which is in the film. Both characters share many of the same characteristics. Both character are very sneaky. Both character befriend the the young girl Ofelia and both have anterior motives to what they are doing. Mercedes is working for the Captain Vidal as a servant. She washes the Captains clothing and makes him dinner. She acts as if she is his friend but in reality she is a spy for the rebels and is taking advantage of working for the Captain to send the rebels supplies and tell them important information about the Captains army. The faun persuades Ofelia that he is helping her. She thinks that he is her friend but really he is using her so that he can get back to the underworld that he belongs to. The theme of the movie is making choices and being desobidiant and going against what everyone says is right or normal. Ofelia makes many choices in the film. She makes the choice to prove that she is worthy to return to the underworld. She makes the choice to crawl in the frog hole and she made the choice to eat the grapes in Pale Faces dinning room. The biggest choice that she makes though is the choice she makes to deny the Faun and not give him her baby brother. This choice turns out to be her most important choice that she will make. A example of disobedience is Mercedes. Mercedes was disobedient to the Captain. Her disobedience put her at great risk. She had to take chances. The chances she took ended up paying off in the end when the rebels finally ended up taking out the Captain and his army. From the film one can learn the importance of taking chances and making choices. The film also teaches us about disobedience. Are desobidance puts us at risk, but is important to do what we feel is right. The film also teaches the harsh realitys of war and how it can cause men to do terrible things.

English 102 Literature Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

English 102 Literature - Essay Example The chapter opens with Mill's rhetorical question of where should the line of control be drawn between "the authority of society" and individual "sovereignty". Mill provides the answer to this question in the very next sentence saying that what concerns the individuals should "belong" to them and society has a control on that part "which chiefly interests" it. Here, Mill does not, however, elaborate on what could be those areas of society's interest. After ruling out the possibility of the society being based on a 'contract', the author still thinks that the individuals owe the other members of the society "a return for the benefit" of the protection that the society provides. The individuals cannot be allowed to harm other people's interests. Rather they should play their part in protecting them against injury. If individuals act in a way that mars other people's welfare, even if they are not illegal, they may be "punished by opinion." Here, public opinion is suggested to be a subst itute for law when necessary. Mill writes, "These conditions society is justified in enforcing at all costs to those who endeavor to withhold fulfillment". When a person's conduct affects only his interests, however, Mill says, that person should be allowed "to do the action and stand the consequences". There is no justification for society's meddling. After setting After setting the boundary line for the society, Mill goes on to clear his standpoint by saying, "It would be a great misunderstanding of this doctrine to suppose that it is one of selfish indifference, which pretends that human beings have no business with each other's conduct in life, and that they should not concern themselves about the well-doing or well-being of one another" he declares that "It is equally the business of education to cultivate" in the students the feelings of compassion for the fellow human beings and the sense of responsibility to the society. Individuals are indebted to each other. They should help and encourage each other in bringing about the best of themselves. But no individual should dictate terms to another simply because "He is the person most interested in his own well-being" and also because he better understands his circumstances that make him behave in a certain way than anyone else or the society in general. Others can offer their a dvice and suggestions but cannot take any decision on behalf of the person. If the individual allows others to take his decisions, then that might cause greater harm than if he takes a decision against the popular belief. Next, Mill talks about the freedom of opinion. Suppression of public opinion by the government can only lead to concealment of truth. By this Mill does not mean that public opinion is never wrong or biased, but at least the opinions that are wrong can be challenged to arrive at the truth. Here, Mill uses an interesting adjective that is, "self-regarding" which means concerning solely the individual, and advocates that in these self-regarding matters the government or the society has no right to interfere. However, sensing attack against this viewpoint, Mill immediately clarifies saying that this should not stop a well wisher of an individual from warning him against the harm he might cause himself by behaving in certain way even if it is about the self-regarding affairs. Similarly, every individual has the right to and duty of cautioning any individual against the possible

The role of 19th century women in Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte Research Paper

The role of 19th century women in Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte - Research Paper Example The Angel was passive and powerless, meek, charming, graceful, sympathetic, self-sacrificing, pious, and above all—pure† (Melani, par. 2). Desperate to put their writing talents to effective use, the sisters used pseudonyms â€Å"to hide their sex when they published their poems and novels. They chose names which were not obviously masculine: Acton Bell (Anne Bronte), Currer Bell (Charlotte Bronte), and Ellis Bell (Emily Bronte)† (Melani, par. 3). The research hereby aims to present a critical appraisal of the role of 19th century women in the novel through one’s personal perspectives and through the points of views of various scholars who analyzed this literary work. Critical Review The prejudice and restrictions faced by women during their times provided the impetus for Bronte to relate the burning desire to assume expanded and challenging roles that encourage the use and enhancement of women’s skills beyond the home. The character of Jane Eyre, cl assified as a round character and a protagonist, focused on â€Å"the directness, even bluntness, of the young heroine's voice. Here is no prissy little-girl sensibility, but a startlingly independent, even skeptical perspective† (Oates, par. 4) – surprisingly unexpected to stem forth from a woman in 1847, the year the novel was written.

The Major Old Testament Eras Essay Example for Free

The Major Old Testament Eras Essay The Old Testament, the first section of the Christian bible has been reputed to date back to around 4000 years. Different scholars divide the old testament period into different epochs depending on the major events that occurred during this time. The occurrences may have happened in the world at that time or in the history as related by the bible. Some of the old most categorization divides the Old Testament history into primeval period/creation, patriarch era, exodus, Canaan conquest, the era of the judges, monarchial era, exile, return and restoration era. The dates of the eras are believed to have started from the beginning (4000BC). After this unique era of time, then came: the Patriarch Era around (1800-1290BC),Exodus era dated1447-1406,conquest of Canaan Era(1406-1390),The Era of Judges(1290-1050BC),the era monarchy(1050-750BC),Era of division and Exile(605-538BC)and finally the era of return and restoration (538-323BC). It is noteworthy that these given dates may not be precise and accurate. However they are archaeologically accepted. In the history of the Old Testament many outstanding events are recorded not only biblically but also secularly. This period of the existence of the old Old Testament could therefore be termed as one of the most outstanding historically active period in the history of world existence. In the primeval Era it is believed the creation took place. Heaven and earth with their contents remain inclusive were created as designed by God. In the Patriarchal Era recorded in Genesis 12-50, God in abide to reconcile with man ets requirements and laws to govern the existing generation of humans. During the Exodus, Moses led the Israelites who had been slavery in Egypt for 400yearsout of Egypt to go to the Promised Land as promised to Abraham their main descendant . This is the very period when the children of Israel of bondage stayed in the wilderness on their way to Canaan for 40 years. During this period world’s process of civilization continues in the powerful empires like Egypt. In the Era of conquest, Israelites led by Joshua after Moses death are conquering and entering Canaan hence focusing more on Joshua’s leadership. In other parts of the world the Iron Age commences, the 19th Dynasty is on and the powerful Chinese Chou Dynasty is in being. In era of Judges, there is no concrete leadership in Israel after their settlement the 19th Dynasty of Egypt is on and also the reign of raameser 2 perceived mistakenly to be spear led of the oppression to non- believers of alliterate translation by the liberal scholars of the time. In the Monarchial Era Israel comes up with Monarchy establishing a kingdom and doing away with the Judges. The king of Israel in this era was Saul, David and Solomon. Subsequently some world religions are being established secularly, it’s the period of time when a solar eclipse is recorded in Nineveh and Jerusalem on June 15th. In addition to that Mayan civilization commences in South America. After proper establishment and being of the kingdom there is division and exile of inhabitants and occupants of some portions of the kingdom go to Exile after capture by the Babylonians. Subsequently Rome was conquered by Etruscans and the existence of Buddha of India in rule hence development and establishment of Budhism. This is also time of some major prophets like Jeremiah of service to Gods people. Finally in the Era of Return and Restoration Israelites who were definitely of a generation were now set free from captivity and were to return to their original land. This is the very period that would when in the coming of the Messiah hence the New Testement. Majorly in the world, Mexander becomes the king of Macedonia and the statues of Zeus, Artenis temple Tomb of Mausollos are identified as 3rd, 4th, and 5th wonders of the ancient world respectively. In this era great scholars like: Alexander the great and Aristotle lived making there inventions remembered update. This is also the time of Confucius of China. Conclusively, these era of history are clearly cited in biblically as follows: The creation Era is found in Genesis 1-12, the Patriarch Era in Genesis 12-50, Exodus era in Exodus, Leviticus, Numbers and part of Deutronomy, conquest Era in the book of Joshua and even Deutronomy, the Era of Judges in Judges and era of Monarchy is found in Samuel and chronicles. The era of Division and Exile is found in 2kings, 2chronical, Jeremiah etc while the era of Return and restoration is chronologically cited in Jeremiah, Ezra, Nehemiah and Esther. After all these events the New Testament is ushered in with the coming of the Messiah (Jesus Christ) fulfilling the prophecies made in the Old Testament in during the existence of various prophets in various occasions and under different inspirational cases and circumstances. References NLJV (2007). Life application study bible. NY: Tyndale House Publishers. Merill. (2000). Settle for more. Alabama: Wisconsin.

James :: essays research papers

A captivating tale of relationship of two troubling brothers in Harlem, "Sonny's Blues" is told from a perspective of Sonny's brother, whose name is never mentioned. Baldwin's choice of Sonny's brother as a narrator is what makes "Sonny's Blues" significant in terms of illustrating the relationship and emotional complications of Sonny and his brother. The significance of "Sonny's Blues" lies in the way Sonny's brother describes the relationship based on what he observes, hears, and feels, and how he struggles trying to understand Sonny through the course of the story. As Sonny's brother, he gets to be physically and mentally as close to Sonny as anyone else can. Readers get to know that Sonny's brother is a fairly reliable narrator from the fact that he is an algebra teacher and far less abused by "horse" or "the low ceiling of their actual possibilities" than the kids around the neighborhood, including Sonny. Sonny's brother is aware of what is going on between Sonny and him and accurately describes the relationship, "The seven years' difference in our ages lay between us like a chasm: I wondered if these years would ever operate between us as a bridge." (44) The "chasm" is where the story begins, and revolves around the entire story. Sonny's brother is aware of the "chasm," yet what Sonny is thinking remains mysterious since the narrator himself does not know. His narration allows readers to keep wondering and exploring flaky and "dreamlike" mind of Sonny. Sonny's brother stands as a major character and also as a first person narrator, meaning that he is a participant in the action. Baldwin achieves the sense of vividness by placing the narrator right in the middle of the action. "I started down the steps, whistling to keep from crying, I kept whistling to myself, You going to need me, baby, one of these cold, rainy days." (54) After an awful fight, Sonny's brother is disappointed at Sonny and himself. His whistling vividly conveys his struggle, despair and also love for his brother, allowing readers to get into his feeling. Dialogue is effectively used from Sonny's brother's point of view to convey how misunderstanding of two brothers gets built up. In the middle of a long conversation, Sonny's brother notes, "I simply couldn't see why on earth he'd want to spend his time hanging around nightclubs, clowning around on bandstands, while people pushed each other around a dance floor.

Hamlet thesis on decay and corruption Essay

William Shakespeare’s Hamlet has been considered the greatest tragedy to ever be written. With a focus on the third of five acts in Hamlet, Shakespeare develops the theme of both physical and psychological decay and corruption through the actions, dialogues, and figurative language of the characters. The evidence of this theme can be seen though the breakdown of the royal family, and the monarchy, by the events surrounding Hamlet’s â€Å"To be or not to be† soliloquy, The Mousetrap, and the moral decay of the characters through the use of spying and poison. Hamlet’s character is the most puzzling of the whole play. His mind erodes further and further as the play unfolds. In act three, Hamlet asks himself whether he should commit suicide or fight the hardships in life: â€Å"To be or not to be – that is the question:/ Whether ’tis nobler in the mind to suffer/ The slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,/ Or to take arms against a sea of troubles/ And, by opposing, end them. To die, to sleep–/ No more.† (3.1.64-69) Hamlet has mentally decayed since the murder of his father. He has been driven to the point of contemplating suicide. According to Hamlet, no good can come from life. The only thing that stops people from killing themselves is the uncertainty of life after death. The format that Shakespeare used when writing Hamlet’s soliloquy portrays an insane man speaking with two voices. One wished to commit suicide and the other does not. The back and fourth talk insinuates madness such as schizophrenia. The decay of Hamlet’s mind had produced the question of suicide that he had asked of himself. The Mousetrap is a perfect example of the corruption within the royal family. Not only did Hamlet produce the play to make a mockery of Claudius’ intelligence, but he also created a â€Å"trap† for the king to fall into. Hamlet says to Horatio: There is a play tonight before the King./ One scene of it comes near the  circumstance/ Which I have told thee of my father’s death./ I prithee, when thou seest that act afoot,/ Even with the very comment of thy soul/ Observe my uncle.† (3.2.80-85) Hamlet has undermined the King by producing the play, and involved Horatio to observe Claudius’ reaction to it. The scheme against King Claudius goes directly against the honor code of the middle ages. One could easily be put to death as a result of such disgraces to the King. The play itself contained the murder by way of poisoning, which is one of the most dishonorable ways to die. Since the royal family is seeking revenge on one another it cannot be strong. The Mousetrap represents the corruption of the royal family, and the disintegration of the monarchy. A spiritual form of decay is seen through Claudius’ inability to seek forgiveness through prayer. Claudius cries out:  Ã¢â‚¬Å"What then? What rests?/ Try what repentance can. What can it not?/ Yet what can it, when one cannot repent?/ O wretched state! O Bosom black as death!/ O limed soul, that, struggling to be free,/ Art more engaged!† (3.3.69-73) The piercing truth behind all that Claudius has done overwhelms him. He is unable to seek repentance for the evil deeds that he has committed. His soul has been corrupted by the murder of his brother. As Claudius knelt to cry out to God, Hamlet approaches him with thoughts of murder. He tells himself that Claudius should not meet his death while praying, for he will go to Heaven. Hamlet wants Claudius to have the worst death and afterlife possible as revenge for his father’s death: Now might I do it pat, now he is a-praying,/ And now I’ll do’t. And so he goes to heaven,/ And so am I revenged. That would be scanned:/ A villain kills my father, and for that,/ I, his sole son, do theis same villain send/ To heaven. Why, this is hire and salary, not revenge.† (3.3.77-84) The murder of Claudius and the unwillingness to send him to Heaven expresses the corruption of Hamlet’s morals. Also, it obviously further shows the corruption of the family. After the confrontation with Claudius, Hamlet sought his mother, Gertrude. The opening lines of their conversation direct the rest of the dialogue. Hamlet says to his mother, â€Å"Now, mother, what’s the matter?† Gertrude responds, â€Å"Hamlet, thou hast thy father much offended,† and Hamlet returns, â€Å"Mother, you have my father much offended† (3.4.11-13). Hamlet plans to yell at his mother for the evil that she has participated in. Hamlet’s argument with his mother displays not only the corruption of the family, but also the decay of Hamlet’s morals. Although Gertrude has done such evil things, it is questioned whether Hamlet has the authority to scold his own mother. Also, the morality of Gertrude herself is corrupted because she does not accept the evil that she has done, saying, â€Å"O, speak to me no more!/ These words like daggars enter in my ears† (3.4.107-108). Both Gertrude and Hamlet both suffer from corruption, which will leads to their downfall. William Shakespeare uses act three to further develop the theme of physical and emotional decay and corruption in Hamlet. The pinnacle of act three is Hamlet’s production of The Mousetrap. The and the majority of the act deals with the rising action of the preparation for the play, the climax of the play and Claudius’ reaction to it, and the falling action of Hamlet’s confrontation with Claudius and Gertrude. Decay and Corruption can be seen in all parts of act three through the actions, dialogue, and figurative language of the characters. The corruption and decay that lies within all characters of the play leads to the downfall of the monarchy, and the demise of Denmark.

Pet Sounds vs. Rubber Soul

Sha'rron Shelby Cynthia Bartles ENG 104 3/27/13 Essay two Final â€Å"Pet Sounds† vs. â€Å"Rubber Soul† Have you ever heard of the Beach Boys' Pet Sounds and the Beatles' Rubber Soul? If not I recommend that you listen to these albums, especially if you love someone. Speaking of these bands there are many differences and similarities when it comes to the love and the friendship that the artists between these two albums. As you can tell the band members has been through many major things throughout their life.Also you can tell that both of the Beach Boys and The Beatles have been through many situations by the way their music is mixed up and by the way the performed during their concerts. From my point of view, I believe the Pet Sounds album was the best between the two albums because it was excellent. I can personally relate to the Pet Sounds album because I'm pretty much going through the same thing with my relationship. Now don't get me wrong the Rubber Soul album wa s cool but there was a lot of love and affection, and the companionship that was demonstrate throughout the Pet Sounds album that makes me love it so much.Both of the bands have been through plenty of things throughout their lifetime. You can tell that the guys have been going through a cluster of things because of the lyrics and their music choice. Speaking of the albums, in Rubber Soul, â€Å"Michelle†, this song is all about being in love with a girl that is French. The lyrics explain that this man is absolutely in love with this woman and he is doing everything possible to show her that. He just wants to inform her that she has nothing to worry about and that he wants to be her everything.He always tells her that he loves her on the account of her being French and because the only words that she understands in English. This guy has proven that he is in love with this woman when he says: â€Å"I need to, I need to, I need to. I need to make you see,Oh, what you mean to me . Until I do I'm hoping you willKnow what I mean. I love you†¦ † I admire these lyrics because this man is trying his best to prove to this woman that he is really in love and he is going to do whatever it takes to get her to understand. However, I really dislike the beat that was made with this song.The beat and the way there were singing made it seem like there were not interested at all in the girl they were singing about.. But The Beach Boys' took a different route with â€Å"Wouldn’t it be nice† The lyrics says: â€Å"Wouldn't it be nice if we were olderThen we wouldn't have to wait so longAnd wouldn't it be nice to live togetherIn the kind of world where we belongYou know it’s gonna make it that much betterWhen we can say goodnight and stay together† And when I hear these lyrics I think of my own relationship because that is where I'm at in my life.The song has a very nice beat, with the guys singing so lovely and joyful. In this song he explains how he has either a close friend or a girlfriend and wants to make it where they can start living together so they can hold onto one another all day and night, wake up to each other and possibly get married. They don't want to continue talking about living together; they want to make it happen. Both songs have good reasoning of showing they are in love with the person they are communicating with. I personally think both songs are amazing because they speak about real love in my eyes.But I liked the song â€Å"Wouldn’t it be nice† because it really shows a lot of love and affection and I can personally connect with the song. I can personally connect with the song because my boyfriend and I feel the same exact way when it comes to this song. On the Rubber Soul album, there is a song called â€Å"Wait† and it is very beautiful. This man has asked either his friend or girlfriend to wait for him until he had come home again. They have had some ups and downs, like regular couples do and he just wants her to wait for him. If her heart is still broken after all the stuff they been through, then he does not want her to wait for him.But if she can wait, he hopes that she will not move on and just wait for his return. In the song he says: â€Å"It's been a long time, now I'm coming back home. I've been away now, oh, how I've been alone. Wait till I come back to your side,we'll forget the tears we cried. But if your heart breaks don't wait, turn me away. And if your heart's strong, hold on, I won't† I thought it was so wonderful. But it still leaves questions like why did he leave in the first place and where did he go? But I also want to know what made him want to leave knowing that he didn't want to lose her.As the song plays, it sounds very exciting, but I just don't like all of the instruments being used throughout this song. It’s like they were trying too hard to make something of the song. Besides, there is a song called, â€Å"You still believe in me† by the Beach Boys'. In this song a guy is probably not where he needs to be mentally or physically. He has done so much to this girl that she still shows him love and support. He has tried his hardest to be what she wants him to be but cannot help the way that he acts when she is not with him.In the lyrics he says: â€Å"Every time we break up, you bring back your love to me, And after all I've done to you, How can it be† As you can see, he has realized that he has done something very terrible to her a couple times and he is trying to figure out why does she keeps forgiving him and still believes in him. Now the instruments they have decided to use for this song is so perfect and relaxing. I really like how they changed their voice tones throughout the song from a high to low pitch. In both of these songs, you can tell that these guys have women that really love them and want to be with them.Even after all of the tears an heart break, the y still want to continue lovely them so deeply and strong. But the song that I really enjoyed was â€Å"You still believe in me†. I really enjoyed this song because I can kind of relate this song to my relationship. At the beginning of our relationship, he was not mentally ready to settle down but after two months he settled down and was fully committed to me. Also there were a lot of things he didn't believe in his self about but I helped him to start believing in his self because I believed in him.Speaking of both of the bands, they most definitely speak on the love for the woman they are in a relationship with. In the song â€Å"Caroline, No†, by the Beach Boys, the woman told him that she would never change herself and eventually she did. In the song he says, â€Å"Where did you long hair go, Where is the girl I use to know, How could you lose that happy glow Oh, Caroline no†, And by him saying those words, you can tell he is a little upset because she said that she would never change. As I listen to the song, I can feel the pain that he is going through, and know that he is very emotional.While you listen to the beat it’s very smooth and touching. In contrast, the song â€Å"Run for your life† has a very fast beat and it sounds very exciting. I'm surprised at the beat and the way they are singing because you would have thought they would have been very angry or would have had a very hard mean beat instead of a happy one. When he says, â€Å"Well I'd rather see you dead, little girl, Than to be with another man, You better keep your head, little girl, Or I want know where I am†, I feel so sorry for that girl that she even had to go through that tragedy.I couldn't imagine a guy wanting to kill a little girl because she does not want to be with him. But back in the day, I guess those are the type of things that you would have had to expect. But it’s very sad because as we speak, now days many little girls lose the lives because they choose not to be with someone and the person felt like if you didn't want to be with them then they don't want you to be with nobody else. Then they will kill you so that you would not be able to date other people. There is some love in these songs but more of affection.It is crazy how guys think now days about how to be in a relationship and it still happens in today society. Most of all I really adore the song â€Å"Caroline, No† because you can feel that he is upset and he wants the old her back. As a final point, I really enjoyed the â€Å"Pet Sound† album the most because of the adoration, attachment, and friendship that was delineated throughout the album. But I can also say that I enjoyed the â€Å"Rubber Souls† album because some of the lyrics but it was the instruments that were used that I didn't care for.Even though these people had hard times throughout their life as far as the love goes, they still made it and I hope they eve ntually found true love. There were many similarities and differences that were approached throughout these two albums because of the way they expressed their love and care for their woman. But both of the albums were really based on love. So back to the question I ask earlier, have you ever heard of the Beach Boys, â€Å"Pet Sound† album and the Beatles, â€Å"Rubber Soul†? After reading this essay I'm pretty sure you will want to look them up and get to know them especially if you are in love with someone.

Voiced vs. Voiceless Consonants

Voiced vs. Voiceless Consonants Phoneticists (who study the sound of the human voice) divide consonants into two types: voiced and voiceless. Voiced consonants require the use of the vocal cords to produce their signature sounds; voiceless consonants do not. Both types use the breath, lips, teeth, and upper palate to further modify speech. This guide presents the differences between voiced and voiceless consonants and gives you some tips for using them. ThoughtCo / Jaime Knoth Voiced Consonants Your vocal cords, which are actually mucous membranes, stretch across the larynx at the back of the throat. By tightening and relaxing as you speak, the vocal cords modulate the flow of breath expelled from the lungs. An easy way to determine whether a consonant is voiced or not is to place a finger on your throat. As you pronounce a letter, feel the vibration of your vocal cords. If you feel a vibration the consonant is a voiced one. These are the voiced consonants: B, D, G, J, L, M, N, Ng, R, Sz, Th  (as in the word then), V, W, Y, and Z. But if consonants are only single letters, what are Ng, Sz, and Th? Theyre common sounds that are produced by blending the two consonants phonetically. Here are some examples of words that include voiced consonants: traveledglovesshellsstartedchangedwheelsliveddreamsexchangedglobesphoneslistenedorganized Voiceless Consonants Voiceless consonants do not use the vocal cords to produce their hard, percussive sounds. Instead, theyre slack, allowing air to flow freely from the lungs to the mouth, where the tongue, teeth, and lips engage to modulate the sound. These are the voiceless consonants: Ch, F, K, P, S, Sh, T, and Th  (as in thing). Common words using them include: washedcoatswatchedbooksseatsdroppedcarts Vowels Vowel sounds (A, E, I, O, U) and diphthongs  (combinations of two vowel sounds) are all voiced. That also includes the letter Y when pronounced like a long E. Examples: city, pity, gritty. Changing Voice When consonants are put in groups, they can change the vocal quality of the consonant that follows. A great example is the past simple form of regular verbs. You can recognize these verbs because they end in ed. However, the consonant sound of this ending can change from voiced to voiceless, depending on the consonant or vowel that precedes it. In almost all cases, the E is silent. Here are the rules: If the ed is preceded by a voiceless consonant such as K, it should be pronounced as a voiceless T. Examples: parked, barked, markedIf the ed is preceded by a voiced consonant sound such as B or V, it should be pronounced as a voiced D. Examples: robbed, thrived, shovedIf the ed is preceded by a vowel sound, it should be pronounced as a voiced D  because vowels are always voiced. Examples: freed, fried, liedException: If the ed is preceded by T, it should be pronounced a voiced id sound. In this case, the e is pronounced. Examples: dotted, rotted, plotted This pattern can also be found with plural forms. If the consonant preceding the S is voiced, the S will be pronounced phonetically as a Z. Examples: chairs, machines, bags If the consonant preceding the S is voiceless, then the S also will be pronounced as a voiceless consonant. Examples: bats, parks, pipes. Connected Speech When speaking in sentences, the ending consonant sounds can change based on the following words. This is often referred to as connected speech. Here is an example of a change from a voiced B in the word club to a voiceless P because of the voiced T in to of the following word: We went to the club to meet some friends. Here is an example of a change from a voiced D past simple verb changed to voiceless T: We played tennis yesterday afternoon.

Cigarette advertising essays

Cigarette advertising essays What are cigarette advertisements really selling you? When we look at cigarette advertising in todays society we see that it portrays smoking as a non-harmful addiction. If you spend some time looking through a magazine, I guarantee that you will stumble upon at least seven different cigarette ads from such popular companies as Camel to Marlboro. Each ad gives you a different perspective at each brands ideal image of cigarette smoking. Of course we all remember Joe Camel, the retired mascot for Camel cigarettes. Joe would be shown in many different ads all pimped out in his pink Cadillac with a sweet looking female camel in the passenger seat and he would always be smoking a cigarette. Since Joe was a cartoon and he showcased a badass image he was banned from Camel advertising for his appeal to young children. Since the loss of this cartoon pin-up the Camel Company has had to come up with some other ways to persuade you to buy their cigarettes. While I was flipping through an issue of Cosmopolitan Magazine looking for all the slamming ladies and also the article on how to keep my hair from frizzing up, I came across an ad for Camel cigarettes. What first caught my attention was the attractive woman in a fancy silver dress. She was standing on a stage and looked to be passionately singing into a microphone holding a cigarette in her hand, and they headlined the ad with the phrase Camel a pleasure to burn. When I saw all this, the sheer stupidity of this advertisement made me laugh. How could they show this women singing and smoking at the same time? Have you ever heard the coughing and wheezing of a smoker? No offense to anybody that smokes, but I doubt this woman could hold a note for more than fifteen seconds after smoking for a couple of years. What causes a person to buy Cigarettes such as Camel? Is it the pleasure they get after soothing their addiction with a nice smoke? Or is it the images that cigarette ...

Four forces of evolution Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Four forces of evolution - Assignment Example This genetic drift resulted in biological variation between species that had to survive. It was as a result of this drift that isolation of species took place; some species moved to new areas where they interbreed allowing the introduction of new alleles to the population. The introduction of new alleles from the nearby populations resulted in new genetic variation in the populations. Survival of the new populations however required the populations to adapt to their environment. This was made possible by the natural selection force; the force assisted the new formed populations to make beneficial adjustments to their environment, and as a result enhanced their survival. In tandem with this assertion, natural selection shaped genetic variation at the population level favoring some individuals over others. The changes in the genetic structure of the population then resulted in speciation (Haviland, McBride, Prins and Walrath 44). Due to variation in environmental conditions, the geneti c codes of the formed species started changing resulting in new variations. The random mutation of the species’ genetic codes led to genetic variation that resulted in the emergence of new populations. In connection with this, it is evident â€Å"mutation was the ultimate source of evolutionary change, responsible for the constant introduction of new genetic variations† (Haviland, McBride, Prins and Walrath 42). In conclusion, evolution process was enhanced by four forces; natural selection, mutation, gene drift, and gene flow. However, the complexity of human beings is as a result of the mutation process that takes place

DCPS_ Short essay answers Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

DCPS_ Short answers - Essay Example Adult learners have a myriad of needs that have to be met in the learning process. It is, therefore, the responsibility of the educator to structure the learning environment in such a way that the learners will find it trouble-free to accomplish the aims and objectives of learning. According to Wagner, adult learning has to integrate the hard work of both the adult learners and the educators. Collaborative efforts between the two parties have been credited for its ability to create retention in the adult learners, an aspect that reduces the adults to a change- referred to as learning. To achieve the goals of learning in the learning setting, it is only possible, with an inclusion of the strategies of goal achievement. First, the ability of the learners to achieve their goals and objectives, allowing the learners set their own goals has been beneficial. Giving the learners an opportunity to set their own goals allows them to be part of the learning process. The adult learners are also in a better position to deal with barriers in the learning process that relate to overestimation and underestimation of their abilities to perform. With the learners being part of the learning process, the educators have an easier time in handling the adult learners. Secondly, continuous and consistent monitoring of the goals and objectives set by the learners is yet another strategy that has seen the attainance of goals by the adult learners.... Collaborative efforts between the two parties have been credited for its ability to create retention in the adult learners, an aspect that reduces the adults to a change- referred to as learning. To achieve the goals of learning in the learning setting, it is only possible, with an inclusion of the strategies of goal achievement. First, the ability of the learners to achieve their goals and objectives, allowing the learners set their own goals has been beneficial. Giving the learners an opportunity to set their own goals allows them to be part of the learning process. The adult learners are also in a better position to deal with barriers in the learning process that relate to overestimation and underestimation of their abilities to perform. With the learners being part of the learning process, the educators have an easier time in handling the adult learners. Secondly, continuous and consistent monitoring of the goals and objectives set by the learners is yet another strategy that has seen the attainance of goals by the adult learners. This is an interpretation of the fact that the educators must always be there to help the learners reflect on their abilities, and help them design the best approach towards attaining their goals and objectives. On another point of view, this allows the educators design the instructional programs in such a way that they will be directed towards attaining the goals and objectives of the learners. The goals set by the learners are indeed, the foundation in which the instruction should be formulated; thus, implementation of the teaching objectives. Soricone, Comings & Parrella (2000) indicate that, retention in the adult learning can only be successful if the

Global Corporate Strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Global Corporate Strategy - Essay Example In an example, two airline companies might create a strategic alliance through bringing up their resources together to create a strong advertising website in order to develop a more effective marketing process. Strategic alliance is more effective in companies that have closely related products (Vedder, 2008). One of the major differences between strategic alliance and other joint ventures is that the business that forms an alliance remains independent. Alliances involve transfer of technologies, economic specialization and sharing of different expenses and risks. Types of strategic alliances include; Joint ventures, equity strategic alliances and global strategic alliances (Kleymann & Seristà ¶, 2010). Unlike strategic alliances where businesses involved in alliances remain independent, merging involves dissolution of both businesses’ activities to form a single entity. In mergers, businesses combine their transactions and form a single and more powerful business. With increased level of globalization that is being experienced currently, the level of competition has increased tremendously as multinational companies which have a powerful financial base have been able to invest in different countries. Airline industry has been one of the most hit organization an aspect that has made two or more airline industries coming together to form a strong organization (Kumar, 2012). One of the benefits of merging is increased competitiveness of the organization formed due to increased financial resources, technical resources and human resources. In addition, the level of competition between the companies forming a merger makes it easy for the company formed to make effective decision w ithout fear of intense competition. Some of examples of successful mergers include Pan Am and National alliances and Northwest Airline which merged with Delta to form one of the largest airline industry (Hecker, 2009). Acquisitions on the other hand, involve a corporate action by a

Unilever in Brazil Essay Example for Free

Unilever in Brazil Essay The goal of Unilever Brazil is to target the low income consumers, in order to gain market share among this segment they should develop an extension of Minerva brand with a small packaging and a cheaper formulation that maintains a good quality. The low income consumers are the most discerning consumers, and when spending from a limited budget they cannot afford to waste money on products they do not trust to be effective . This segment values price, effectiveness and fragrance, and wash manually, hence they prefer soap rather than powder. Unilever already sell Minerva in its soap version which is considered a medium quality product in terms of cleanliness, smell and dissolving power according to Exhibit 1.But this product is still expensive for low income consumers. Unilever should continue working with the brand Minerva and develop a new sub-product inside this brand with a cheaper formulation and a small packaging. That way the Minerva brand will contain two products with the following Portuguese names: †¢Minerva Expresso. The original Minerva formula and packaging for detergent and soap targeted to middle income costumers. The usual promotion of this product should change to make customers aware about the new name. Distribution, placement and price should not change. †¢Minerva Aà §Ãƒ £o. A new cheaper formula of Minerva soap, maintaining a good quality and fragrance. The key to access to this market is to leverage the Minerva’s brand as a quality product. Packaging should be plastic to reduce costs by a 30% and sizes should be two types: one individual bar and three bars. Low income customers have a limited budget and usually buy consumer goods thinking on a short term. Is for that reason, that a value proposition of a cheap, good quality and fragrance product in a small package is more appealing than a bigger package which usually is more expensive. The price should be $1.40 per kg, a little higher than Bem-te-vi (the traditional laundry soap brand in Brazil) to differentiate it from low quality and cheap products, but still low enough to be attractive to low income consumers who are looking for a good quality and nice fragrance soap bar (see Exhibit 2). There is no cannibalization of Campeiro because soap and powder customers  could be considered as different markets. Promotion should be a below-the-line communication plan focusing on point-of-purchase marketing and trade promotions in those areas where the low income customers reside and buy. A global media advertising campaign shouldn’t be considered for the potential impact on Unilever reputation in other customer segments and markets. Distribution is another important key to access to the customer segment, the use of specialized distributors will ensure the delivery of the product in specific areas and will maintain the price strategy. This strategy will help Unilever to position its product as the quality product inside the economy laundry products market (see Exhibit 3). Leveraging the Minerva brand with a low price product will help Unilever to increase sales and to gain market share among the low income customers segment. Additionally the high margin of Minerva Aà §Ãƒ £o will result in substantial profits (see Exhibit 4 for product’s attributes and margin). Exhibit 1. Attribute Importance, Brand Positioning, and Consumer Expectations in the Northeast Source: Insead Case Exhibit 2. Consumers who find scent/fragrance to have a high or very high amount of influence on their choices of household cleaning and laundry products Source: Consumer and Innovation Trends in Laundry Care. DATAMONITOR Consumer, December 2012 Exhibit 3. Product Positioning Source: Insead Case Exhibit 4. Products’ Attributes and Margins AttributeMinerva ExpressoMinerva Aà §Ãƒ £o Format-Powder -Soap-Soap Cleanliness-Medium-High-Medium-Low Fragrance-Nice-Nice Price-Powder: $2.40 per kg -Soap: $1.70 per kg-$1.40 per kg Packaging-Powder: Cardboard 1kg500g. Cost: $0.35 per kg -Soap: Plastic pack with 5 bars of 200g. Cost: $0.15 per kg-Plasitc pack with 1 bar of 40g. Cost: $0.09 per kg -Plastic pack with 3 bars of 120g. Cost: $0.10 per kg Formulation-Powder: $1.40 per kg -Soap: $1 per kg-$0.8 Promotion-Powder: $0.30 per kg -Soap: $0.25 per kg-0.05 per kg Distribution-Wholesaler: $0.10 per kg-Specialized Dist.: $0.05 per kg Margin per unit Powder2.4-(0.35+1.4+0.3+0.1)= 0.25 Soap1.7-(0.15+1+0.25+0.1)=0.21.4-(0.09+0.8+0.05+0.05)=0.41

A Room With A View Windy Corne :: essays research papers

EXPLORE THE CONTRAST BETWEEN WINDY CORNER AND MRS VYSE’S ‘WELL APPOINTED FLAT.’ HOW DOES OUR KNOWLEDGE OF THESE ENVIRONMENTS PREPARE US FOR THE CONFLICT IN THE NOVEL.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The first comparison to be drawn between the two environs is of their names. This is the first piece of information the reader is given, and is therefore of significance, as they have different connotations. â€Å"Windy Corner† has links to nature and the weather due to the word ‘windy.’ It implies change and movement-which is definitely applicable to that household. The ‘Corner’ suggests a sheltered resting-place, which is quite appropriate because the household does seem somewhat removed or protected from society. This is in stark contrast to Mrs Vyse’s flat. The fact that she has ownership of it, rather than Cecil, suggests that this is her dominion, and as a result is the dominant one in their relationship. The word ‘flat’ sounds cold, empty and static, as opposed to the vibrancy of Windy Corner. Forster’s comment that it is ‘well-appointed,’ is another of his satirical observations, and this leads us to believe that perhaps it does not have such high standards after all.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The physical interiors are just as different as their appointed names. Mrs Vyse’s flat is not described in too much detail, but just enough so that the reader has a clear picture of it in our minds. As mentioned above, the flat is proved not to have such high standards when Mrs Honeychurch reveals that there is a â€Å"thick layer of flue under the beds.† It is not a very pleasant place, as we see when â€Å"darkness enveloped the flat.† By contrast, there is so much light at Windy Corner that the curtains â€Å"had been pulled to meet† in order to protect the furniture. Light is associated with goodness, truth and honesty, and it is quite significant that this is missing from Mrs Vyse’s flat. Both homes have a piano, but the purpose for it appears to be quite different. In the flat, Lucy plays both Schumann and Beethoven, whereas at Windy Corner, it is lucky to stay in one piece, â€Å"you needn’t kick the piano!† (pg 104) The piano is not taken as seriously at Windy Corner, which is another indication of their easy-going attitude. The different environments also help us to find out about the characters of Lucy and Cecil. When they are introduced to their partner’s homes, the reader gets fresh a insight into their characters.

An American Tragedy: How a Good Company Died Essay

This case study tells us the story of Burgmaster Corp which is a machine tool maker company. Burgmaster was a thriving enterprise by 1965, when annual sales amounted to about $8 million. Although it needed backing to expand, it sold out to Buffalo-based conglomerate Houdaille Industries Inc. The case study also, inform us too many machine- tool and auto parts factories are silent, too many U.S. industries still can’t hold their own. Holland uses Burgmaster’s demise to explore some key issues of economic and trade policy. The LBO chocked off Burgmaster’s investment funds when foreign competition made them most necessary. Houdaille’s charge that a cartel led by the Japanese government had injured U.S. tool makers. Holland offers plenty of ammunition by creating enormous pressure to generate cash. Burgmaster pushed its products out as fast as possible. It shipped defective machines . It promised customers features that engineers hadn’t yet designed. The External Forces for Burgmaster Corp Demise : 1- The Government policies : tax laws and macroeconomics policies that encourage LBOs and speculation instead of productive investment. 2- Pentagon procurement policies for favoring exotic, custom machines over standard, low cost models. 3- The indusrial policy: Domestic tool makers were too complacent when imports seized the lower end of the product line, the ill prepared for change and struggling to restructure. 4- A cartel led by the Japanese government had injured U.S. tool makers. 5- Foreign competition made. The Internal Forces for Burgmaster Corp Demise : 1- The system for computerizing production scheduling was too crude . 2- High cost and much expensive machines  3- Defective machines as a result of pushing products as fast as possible without regarding to quality and customers’ needs 4- NO Cash to fund process and procedures to face competition. 5- No formula was a substitute for management involvement on the shop floor . 6- A dramatic depiction of supply snafus that resulted in delays and cost increases. The role of the operations management in that demise: Companies must be competitive to sell their goods and services in the marketplace. This company didn’t follow the operations management principles or functions in its three major departments : finance , operations and marketing. Burgmaster Corp didn’t identify customer needs. It didn’t follow the policy of low price and high quality.   It didn’t be able to reflect joint efforts of product snd service design . No match between financial resources , operations capabilities , supply chains and consumer needs. It didn’t follow inventory strategy to be competitive . It neglected operations strategy. It didn’t develop productivity measures for all operations. It didn’t develop methods for achieving productivity improvements such as : soliciting ideas from workers and reexamining the way work is done.

Palestine vs Orientalism Essay

Joe Sacco’s Palestine is a journalist’s journey throughout the Palestinian lifestyle, Israel and other facets of the state. Not only does Sacco voluntarily put himself into a dangerous occupied territory but he also assembles himself as a character in his engaging novel. Sacco is collecting the stories of the Palestinians and the destruction that Israelis have brought to their lives and families. Edward Said’s Orientalism provides a parallel to Sacco’s novel, as he conveys a plethora of false assumptions underlying Western attitudes toward the East. Said examines the different aspects of orientalism and gives light to the fact that because orientalism has lasted in our world this long, it has no . Although Said’s Orientalism is similar to Sacco’s Palestine, Said’s description of the Western world and its view of the East require one to rely on Sacco’s examples of true life stories to determine one’s own definition of orientalism. Sacco’s Palestine gives readers an inside look into the diminishing Palestinian life during the first intifada in which Sacco was present. The first intifada was a very powerful and liberating time in Palestine, as the citizens were revolting against the Israeli occupation of the Palestinian Territories Israel had control over. After witnessing the horrific tragedy that many Palestinians experience each day from Israel, Sacco interviews a family that has lost their stable income and family heritage. An older man explains â€Å"The olive tree is our main source of living†¦we use the oil for our food and we buy clothes with the oil we sell†¦a good roman tree can produce 20-30 liters in a year†¦ here we have nothing else but the trees†¦ The Israelis know that an olive tree is the same as our sons†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Sacco 61-62). Not only did the Israeli soldiers cut down all of the families olive trees leaving them with nothing, the soldiers also forced the older man Sacco interviewed to cut some of his own olive trees down by himself. This incident is extremely powerful and moving, knowing that for a lifetime this man had a stable income and knew that his family would always be taken care of with these trees and now he is being over powered by the soldiers to take that all away. This provides a clear example of the helplessness that Palestinians experience under Israeli occupation of their home land. Both readings prove to be valid in their explanations of orientalism and anti-orientalism although, Edward Said’s idea of orientalism is indefinite which is obtained in Sacco’s Palestine and the day-to-day lives of the Palestinians that Sacco presents. The western influence has burrowed into the lives of the orient and created turmoil between Israelis and Palestinians. The Western support of Israel has only heightened the resentment toward Palestinians. As an Israeli business woman states her Orientalist view toward Palestine â€Å"Maybe, if I were a Palestinian I’d be a terrorist, too, to get back my land† (Sacco 254). It is evident that these Western ideas of the said â€Å"Terrorists† have spread so rapidly into Israel, when in reality Israel and the aggressive techniques their soldiers are taught to use against the Palestinians are in fact terrorist attacks in themselves. Despite the similarities; Said’s Orientalism stands out beyond the true context of Sacco’s Palestine. â€Å"†¦ in short, Orientalism is a Western style for dominating, restructuring, and having authority over the Orient† (Said 3). Because of the agreement between the Western states and Israel, the Israeli army and governmental views are very similar to the ones the Western world has, thus, creating authority over the Israeli Orient. On the other hand Sacco’s Palestine shows readers the evil and more or less terrorist like views of Israel. Taha, a Palestinian expresses his anger towards Israel when his friend, Shreef, admits that he wants a visa in able to work in Israel. Shreef states that he â€Å"has no problem with the Israelis†¦they are like Europeans† (Sacco 2). Taha reacts abruptly, slamming his over-sized clenched fist down onto the game table that had before held chess pieces. With saliva connecting between his teeth, with wide mouth, Taha lets out a startling. Palestine is an underdeveloped and vulnerable state; Israel is able to build a stronger built army with powerful tactics in order to take advantage of the weak and pacific (peaceful) manner of the Palestinians. Throughout Sacco’s journey he soon realizes that what he has encountered is now more of a pilgrimage. He even goes as far as to name a sub-chapter Pilgrimage, showing the reader that they’ve been on this pilgrimage with him. The families that let this American journalist, Joe Sacco, into their lives are very brave in showing him their true pain and struggle. Many of the interviewees struggle with the question is Sacco going to do anything to help them after they let him into their lives. The facts and stories that are full forcibly thrown at Sacco and the readers make it hard to not spread the word about the occupy happening in Palestine and the torture that the innocent Palestinians must go through every day. Even if Sacco’s novel doesn’t make a significant change in Palestine how they are treated it may although, make a significant change in a person of any race, and allow that person to examine their own life and be thankful for what they have. Ultimately, Said’s careful and precise wording provides a better standpoint for the argument of â€Å"the other† within Orientalism. With â€Å"the other† conclusively being someone of another race, nationality, religion and/or gender. Orientalism will continue to exist be taught and learned, until the western and the east come to an underline consensus about each other. A reason for the westerns view about the east and vice versa is a lack of knowledge about one other. Sacco made a lasting impression with his work in Palestine in order to more accurately educate those who know nothing more than bias, orientalism views.

Huygens Principle of Diffraction

Huygens Principle of Diffraction Huygens principle of wave analysis helps you understand the movements of waves around objects. The behavior of waves can sometimes be counterintuitive. Its easy to think about waves as if they just move in a straight line, but we have good evidence that this is often simply not true. For example, if someone shouts, the sound spreads out in all directions from that person. But if theyre in a kitchen with only one door and they shout, the wave heading toward the door into the dining room goes through that door, but the rest of the sound hits the wall. If the dining room is L-shaped, and someone is in a living room that is around a corner and through another door, they will still hear the shout. If the sound were moving in a straight line from the person who shouted, this would be impossible because thered be no way for the sound to move around the corner. This question was tackled by  Christiaan Huygens (1629-1695), a man who was also known for the creation of some of the  first mechanical clocks  and his work in this area had an influence on Sir Isaac Newton  as he developed his particle theory of light. Huygens Principle Definition The Huygens principle of wave analysis  basically states that: Every point of a wave front may be considered the source of secondary wavelets that spread out in all directions with a speed equal to the speed of propagation of the waves.What this means is that when you have a wave, you can view the edge of the wave as actually creating a series of circular waves. These waves combine together in most cases to just continue the propagation, but in some cases there are significant observable effects. The wavefront can be viewed as the line tangent to all of these circular waves. These results can be obtained separately from Maxwells equations, though Huygens principle (which came first) is a useful model and is often convenient for calculations of wave phenomena. It is intriguing that Huygens work preceded that of James Clerk Maxwell by about two centuries, and yet seemed to anticipate it, without the solid theoretical basis that Maxwell provided. Amperes law and Faradays law predict that every point in an electromagnetic wave acts as a source of the continuing wave, which is perfectly in line with Huygens analysis. Huygens Principle and Diffraction When light goes through an aperture (an opening within a barrier), every point of the light wave within the aperture can be viewed as creating a circular wave which propagates outward from the aperture. The aperture, therefore, is treated as creating a new wave source, which propagates in the form of a circular wavefront. The center of the wavefront has greater intensity, with a fading of intensity as the edges are approached. It explains the diffraction observed, and why the light through an aperture does not create a perfect image of the aperture on a screen. The edges spread out based on this principle. An example of this principle at work is common to everyday life. If someone is in another room and calls towards  you, the sound seems to be coming from the doorway (unless you have very thin walls). Huygens Principle and Reflection/Refraction The laws of reflection and refraction can both be derived from Huygens principle. Points along the wavefront are treated as sources along the surface of the refractive medium, at which point the overall wave bends based upon the new medium. The effect of both reflection and refraction is to change the direction of the independent waves that are emitted by the point sources. The results of the rigorous calculations are identical to what is obtained from Newtons geometric optics (such as Snells law of refraction), which was derived under  a particle principle of light- although Newtons method is less elegant in its explanation of diffraction. Edited by Anne Marie Helmenstine, Ph.D.

Descriptive on Norway Essays

Descriptive on Norway Essays Descriptive on Norway Essay Descriptive on Norway Essay Oslo: the blue, the green, the city in between Lucie gafratov? ¤ Carolina Sanchez Charlotte Parr? © Graziella Maria Ottarda Buskerud University College TABLE OF CONTENTS: TABLE OF CONTENTS: 2 I-BACKGROUND INFORMATION ABOUT THE EVENT: 3 Ill-ANALYSIS OF THE MARKETING ENVIRONEMENT WITH TOURISM TO JUSTIFY OUR TARGET MARKET: 5 1) competitors: 6 IV-DISCUSSION OF SEGMENTATION AND POSITIONING: 6 V-DETAILED ANALYSIS OF OUR TARGET MARKET: 7 VI-THE 4 ps (PRODUCT, PLACE, PROMOTION, PRICE): 7 1) prices: 7 2) Place: 9 3) Promotion: 10 4) Product: 11 VII-CONCLUSION: 12 References: 13 I-BACKGROUND INFORMATION ABOUT THE EVENT: Oslo is the richest growing city in Europe. It is now evaluating the possibility of organizing the winter Olympic games 2022. In fact, the city council decided to establish the city Agency Os102022 which main task is to develop a plan for the winter games. Oslo is possibly the only city in the world to be able to organize the winter Olympic games in an urban setting. Indeed, it has a special location between fjords and forests, and for this reason the theme of the Olympic games will be: Games in Oslo has become a multicultural city, which attracts people from all over the world. One of the main points of the plan is how this Olympic games can help the city to improve its structures, and how will it be the after-use of the facilities that will be built for the games? Lots of sports facilities will be built; planning, development and staging in the 2022 event will increase competence in many areas. Olympic games values promote equal rights, friendship and solidarity; Norway has solid traditions that mirror these values. Olympics are a combination of sport, education and culture, so games could be a positive impact in society. The games are a unique opportunity o present Norway like an exciting country for winter sports. Lots of facilities will be built there such as the Athletes Village, the Media Village, the Main Press centre, a new train station; the cycling and walking paths will also be extended. Furthermore, after the games villages will be sold, converted in student housing or in nursing homes. Most of the competitions will be staged in Oslo, but some of them will be organised in Lillehammer. The city council calculate that public expenditures related to 2022 Olympic Winter Games will total between 20 and 23 billion Norwegian Crowns. Public sector costs are related to planning and staging of the Olympics, as well as investments in permanent facilities. Finally, Olympic games are the most important goal in an athlete career. Athletes are important in inspiring people to take part in sport, sport is a universal language, and it is a good opportunity to establish relation with other people. l- INTRODUCTION: Since the dawn of time Norway intends was always about protecting its natural heritage by linking together the notion of ecology and education. Indeed Norway has a unique relationship with nature. Ecological habits are integrated into everyday life, in education as well as in the common rules of living together; recycling is taught from childhood, cycling is extremely widespread, and children learn about plants and animals from a very young age. Cities in nature, and not nature in the city is the motto of city planners in Norway. Being Green, saving our environment and eco- tourism was for us a duty and evidence when we created our tour in Norway. In accordance with the environment rules and Norway belief: Water Conservation Energy Efficiency/Conservation Eco-Friendly Landscape Eco-Friendly Purchasing Practices Waste Reduction/Recycling Our choice went for dog-sledding, which with its minimal carbon print and low impact on the environment was for us the best way to discover Norway in all its glory. Dog sledding is your chance to see nature up close and personal. With no noise or smell from a gas powered engine you will feel connected to the wildlife of our country. Dog sledding is eco-friendly! Help us in protecting planet Earth. Therefore we decided to use the strategic placing of many Olympic venues at the dge of the city to create a great transportation alternative of getting around the city. Dog mushing offers an experience from northern Norway Just in the capital of the country. It fits completely to the whole Olympic concept and its desire to attract plenty of different kind of visitors. Thus, one of the most important advantages is our transportation, which doesnt harm the nature and provides a close contact with it. Still it is relatively quick because it does not need the urban infrastructures and goes by the most direct way from place A to place B. We choose four venues at the edge of Oslo and three venues, including the city centre, in Lillehammer, which were the most suitable. We eliminated some of the venues like KvitfJell since it was too far for our mean of transport and some halls and stadiums in the urban area of Oslo for their inaccessibility. A dog mushing tour from one venue to another is attractive for so many types of the Olympic visitors of Norway. We are focusing mainly on families with children, couples of all ages and simply anyone who is fond of the Norwegian Olympic concept, the environment and belonging mostly into the middle-income roup at least. Ill-ANALYSIS OF THE MARKETING ENVIRONEMENT WITH TOURISM TO JUSTIFY OUR TARGET MARKET: Olympic games could have a powerful impact in promoting a city, and many factors that determine the long-term impact of games are beyond the host city control. Last winter Olympic games were hosted in Vancouver in February and March 2010, a report done by PriceWhterhouseCoopers show that 650. 000 visitors arrived in Canada for the games, 242. 000 visitors were from Canada, 324. 000 from United States and 83. 000 visitors from other countries. Lots of Canadian support the Olympic games nd 9 out of 10 indicates that Olympic games had a positive impact on tourism. About 2/3 of tourists for the Olympic game in London were from Europe, we think that this trend will be confirmed also for the Olympic game in Oslo, tourist attraction increase after the Olympic game thanks to the new infrastructures built and the advertisement done for the games in fact also data from euromonitor shows that in Norway the majority of tourist come from Europe or from the region. Lots of tourists visiting the city. We think that for these people who will come here during the games, ur offer could be a great opportunity to know some traditions of Oslo. There are a lot of different kind of tourists who come for the Olympic game: families and their babies (in Norway birth rate is very high and there are lot of policy in favour of families), young people, couples and singles of all ages, people interested in sports, reporters, athletes, local people or volunteers. 1) Competitors: In the South of Norway we can find operator in Telemark region, and in Sirdal there is the Sirdal Husky farm. In Bykle near Hovden we can find Hundespann operator. We hink that competitors would not influence our offer because they arent that close to Lillehammer or Oslo. IV-DISCUSSION OF SEGMENTATION AND POSITIONING: The marketing segmentation is a strategy that involves dividing a board target market into subset of consumers, who have common needs, and then designing and implementing strategies to target their needs. Segmentation is useful to maximise financial resources, there is not a correct unique way to segment a market but there are four methods to segment consumer market: geographic, demographic, psychographic and behavioural. We thought that we could do a psychographic and behavioural segmentation. There are lots of different kinds of tourists that are attracted in Oslo for the games: People who have middle high income (high budget traveller) Couple and single people interested in sport People who dont need a fast way to transfer from one attraction to an other (tourists and not athletes) People interested to protect environment and dogs (eco-friendly) and who want use green means of transport Families Young people Reporters Local people Volunteers We think that there are great possibilities for our project to reach different kind of ourist in particular high budget traveller because our offer is quite expensive, but also families with children who are very attracted by this kind of experience. Moreover this offer could attract people interested in nature, green means of transport and to discover Norwegian traditions in a pleasant way. We think that these groups of people are the most important for us. We also believe that athletes, media, volunteer are not interested in our p rogram because they dont have enough time during the competitions. Our positioning is high, because to do this program tourists have to pay a lot. Targeting a market means selecting the most attractive segments and developing a marketing strategy ad hoc for this target. For a segment to be targeted it needs to fulfil certain criteria: accessibility, values, needs and wants of segmentation must be compatible with the offer; the target must be large enough to support the business and for these reason it must be measurable. It also must be relevant, homogeneous and durable. Our target market is represented by: People interested in dogs and nature People who want to find a greens means of transport Family with babies, they usually be fascinated by dog People who visited Norway for the fist time and want to discover traditions People with high income We think that this group of people is large enough and could guarantee the success of our offers. Family with babies will be very important for us because we will offer great opportunity for them to have fun. VI-THE 4 ps (PRODUCT, PLACE, PROMOTION, PRICE): 1) Prices: Our company propose you two destination to go by dog sledding in Norway, which host some parts of the Olympic Games. Oslo: The first trip offered will make you experience the capital, Oslo, suburbs. Indeed, our eeting point is at Wyller a Vinterpark in Oslo west and will finish in the east at Huken. Our Journey will make you discover two other cities Holmenkollen and Grefsenkollen and the mountains between them. General information: -Duration: 2h30min -Difficulty: Easy -Accessibility: From 2 years old -Weight limit: 240 pounds (140kg) -Price per person: NOK 900 Adult (from 10 years to older) NOK 450 Children (from 2 to 9 years) Lillehammer: The second trip proposes a taste of a Norway more rustic and less populate. From Lillehammer to HafJell with a stop in on of the most beautiful city Hunderfossen, this our will be a true breath of fresh air. General information: -Duration: 2h -Price per person: NOK 800 Adult (from 10 years to older) NOK 400 Children (from 2 to 9 years) Furthermore, we understand that a daytrip might be too long for certain person. To answer the need of our entire customer we decided to create a tour where you have the opportunity of visiting only one or two cities. The price will depend on your destination. Further information: In accordance with the price, our company put to your disposal accommodations along the trip, to make it as confortable as possible. Whats included? Dog-sledding tour (as rider/ passenger) -Experienced musher guidance -Halfway break with picture and petting timeo -Warm suit and pelt (for the passenger) -Visit of the kennel with introduction to each dog -Learn the musher required skills and basics Dog commands -Lots of participation and Fun -Certainly your best day in Norway! If you have any questions, do not hesitate to contact us! 2) Place: Our facility is meant to be located both in Oslo and Lillehammer. In Oslo we plan to connect Vinterpark Wyller (boardercross, skicross, halfpipe, slopestyle and slalom isciplines), Holmenkollen (ski Jumping, cross country skiing and Nordic combination), Grefsenkollen (aerials, moguls) and Huken (biathlon). These venues are situated at the edge of the city, so the tracks wouldnt be led through the built up area and the clients would have a nice view of the city from the hills. It represents a smart way of getting around the city faster than walking, more convenient and greener than the public transport or even going by car. We are not planning to add more of the venues in Oslo now, because our offer might lose its attractively and uniqueness. nd the city would be Joined. The last place, KvitfJell, is out of the game now, as its very remote for our type of transportation. The choice of our placing is representing our idea of providing an exclusive moment in an Olympic day to get the feeling of other type of experience. We dont tend to have half-day or even longer trips, which gives us the ability to be flexible and fast to be ready in our supply of the service. The main way of selling our product is the direct one on the Internet and personally at our track stops near the venues: Holmenkollen, Wyller, Grefsenkollen, Huken, HafJell, Hunderfossen ans Lillehammer city. However, its good to have reseller as just separately, or we can cooperate with tourist information offices as well. 3) Promotion: Promotion is one of the most important parts of marketing strategy because influence intermediaries opinions and increase awareness of service. Promotion includes elements such as: advertisement, sales promotion, personal selling, public relations and direct marketing. Our most important way to promote ourselves will be the creation of our website where we will put all the information about us. We use ifferent way to promote our offer: On line marketing: banner in the Olympic webpages, banner in sport web site and site that will show games on line Brochures in tourist information offices, and tourist agencies, and some brochures will be distributed by promoters during every event Posters in public transport, in the main street of Oslo and Lillehammer (such as Karl Johans gate), at the venues (such as stadium, halls), in ticket sellers place, Commercials on TVs and radio, and on newspaper In every adds there is a QR code that tourist can use to access to our website directly o have more information about our offer and to know the nearest point where they can do this activity. We will also use SEM strategy to put adds on Facebook pages of people interested in Olympics and who have child. We encourage the purchase by using discount coupons for big families with more than 2 children (the third child pays half of our price). 4) product: The service we propose is a new way for th e Olympic Games tourist to travel between its ventures in accordance with the Norwegians state of mind. Therefore, we would like to introduce the mushing-dogs activity. Nowadays we can find 3 classifications of mushing: utilitarian, recreational, or competitive. Thus our service will be utilitarian and recreational since we will use the easiest and most common to travel, with a comfortable sled made of Kevlar and fur. Back in time, French people were the first to usher in the world the knowledge of dogs mushing. Indeed, following the discovery of the Gaspe Peninsula, French men known as coureurs des bois (runner of the woods) learnt the Iroquoiss culture and blended it with their own culture. Dog mushing was then introduced to people. Sled dogs are very similar to wolves in term of shape and size. Sociable and docile they have the same loyalty than dogs and are regarded as pets. We usually see this kind of activity mostly in the North of Norway. Thus, we would like to implant it in the capital, Oslo, for the Joy of Olympic Games tourists. We offer two different trips on the suburb of Oslo. The first will be around Oslo; it will start in Wyller and finish in Huken. The second trip starts in Lillehammer and finish in KvitfJell. The difference between this two will be the scenery, the time it takes to go to one city to another and inally what games you want to watch. Afterward the customer will have to choose the most appropriated according to their wants. Our service will also allow visitors to communicate with dogs, learn to control them and to enjoy one of the most popular transports in Norway. Being connected with the nature and enjoying the best scenery and landscape is a fascinating way of seeing our country. The families or couples can then experience the Norwegians way of life by visiting these places with dog-sledding. On these places you would be able to see he Ski Jump or many snow activities, always in accordance with the Olympic Games. In fact, two of the cities we propose are the most famous ski resort in Norway, HafJell and KvitJell. Since mushing is for everyone, we even have activities destined for the children. They can play with the dogs and take care of them; the parents can also do it! Therefore we decided to create a place where the dogs will be taken care of and if its needed to let them rest for a bit. Furthermore a teaching class will be organised if the tourists want to learn and know more about the mushing and the dogs. This class will explain ow to handle the dogs and some knowledge about what to do in certain situations for your own security. To guarantee our customers security it will not be allowed to ride alone, they will always have a person in charge with them. Thus, the person will provide you some story or explain new things along the way. We decided to choose this activity because we think that it is an opportunity for all the people who want to see in a different way the Olympics Games in Oslo. We believe that it is a completely different experience, funnier to associate with the Olympics Games. To summarize, you have to ry it! Mushing dog activities involve different values: environment respect, fun for children, discover of Norwegian traditions in an unusual way. Olympic games are the main reason to develop this offer but in accordance to the games politics it will be possible to use our structure even after these events, in particular, the building where we take care of the dog and the activities for the children. References: afr. com/p/ olympic_tourism_impact_is_complicated_6fTAPM7KefzR4bOqsSww5L http:// . american. edu/TED/lille. htm olympic. rg/Documents/Games_Vancouver_2010/ Factsheet_Vancouver_legacy_February_2011 _eng. pdf huffingtonpost. ca/ 2011/10/27/vancouver-olympics-economic-benefit_n_1035427. html http:// www. visitnorway. com/en/what-to-do/active-holiday/ridingsledging/let-the-dogs-do- the-work/ 0122. no/ http://goscandinavia. about. com/od/winteractivi ties/tp/dogsleddingnorway. htm http:// www. golinfo. no/en/winter/dog_sleight/ blm. gov/ak/st/en/prog/nlcs/iditarod/history/people/mush_hist. html http:// library. thinkquest. org/TQ0312758/history. htm International Tourist Arrivals: Euromonitor from trade sources/national statistics